I kēia lā, manaʻo mākou i ka waiheliume like me ka mea anu loa ma ka honua.ʻO ka manawa kēia e nānā hou ai iā ia?

ʻO ka hemahema helium e hiki mai ana

Heliumʻo ia ka lua o ka mea maʻamau i ke ao holoʻokoʻa, no laila pehea e hiki ai ke hemahema?Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo like i ka hydrogen, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau.Nui paha ma luna, ʻaʻole nui ma lalo.Eia kā mākou mea e pono ai.Heliumʻaʻole ia he mākeke nui.Kuhi ʻia ka noi makahiki honua ma kahi o 6 billion cubic feet (Bcf) a i ʻole 170 miliona cubic mika (m3).He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo i ke kumukūʻai o kēia manawa, no ka mea, ke kūkākūkā pinepine ʻia ke kumukūʻai e ka ʻaelike ma waena o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ka mea kūʻai aku, akā ʻo Cliff Cain, Luna Nui o ka hui kūkākūkā kinoea loaʻa ʻo Edelgas Group, hāʻawi i ke kiʻi o 1800 dollars / miliona cubic feet ( mcf).Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Edgar Group i ka mākeke a aʻo i ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana e hana ana ma ka mākeke.ʻO ka mākeke honua holoʻokoʻa no ka waiheliumma ka nui paha ma kahi o $3 biliona.

Eia nō naʻe, ke ulu mau nei ka noi, ʻo ka mea nui mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana a me nā aerospace, a "e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana", wahi a Kaina.HeliumʻEhiku ka nui o ka mānoanoa o ka ea.Ke hoʻololi nei i ka ea i loko o ka pā paʻakikī meheliumhiki ke hōʻemi i ka haunaele, a hiki i ka diski ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, no laila hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā disks hou i loko o ka liʻiliʻi a hoʻopau i ka mana liʻiliʻi.Heliumhoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika e 50% a me ka pono o ka ikehu e 23%.ʻO ka hopena, hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā kikowaena ʻikepili kiʻekiʻe i ka helium i piha i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea heluhelu barcode, nā ʻāpana kamepiula, nā semiconductors, nā panela LCD, a me nā kaula fiber optic.

Ke hoʻopau nei kekahi ʻoihana e ulu wikiwiki neihelium, ʻo ia ka ʻoihana lewa.Hoʻohana ʻia ka Helium i loko o nā pahu wahie no nā rockets, satellites a me nā mea hoʻolalelale.ʻO kona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka luʻu kai hohonu, akā ʻo kāna hoʻohana nui ʻana he mea hoʻomaha, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mīkini i loko o nā mīkini MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).Pono lākou e mālama ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻole ʻole e mālama i nā waiwai quantum o nā magnet me ka ʻole e nalowale i ko lākou hiki.Pono ka mīkini MRI maʻamau i 2000 lita o ka waihelium.I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua alakaʻi ʻo ʻAmelika ma kahi o 38 miliona mau hoʻokolohua nuclear magnetic resonance.Manaʻoʻo Forbes i kēlāheliumʻO ka hemahema paha ka pilikia olakino honua e hiki mai ana.

"Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o ka nuclear magnetic resonance imaging i ke kaiāulu olakino, ʻo kaheliumʻO ka pilikia e lilo i poʻo a me ke kikowaena no nā poʻe kālai'āina, nā mea hana kulekele, nā kauka, nā maʻi a me ka lehulehu e kūkākūkā a loaʻa i nā hopena hoʻomau.ʻO ka hemahema oheliumhe pilikia koʻikoʻi, pili pololei a pili ʻole paha iā mākou a pau."

A me nā baluna pāʻina.

E piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka helium

Inā he hui aerospace ʻoe e hilinaʻi ana kāna ʻoihana i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā satelite i ka lewa, a i ʻole kahi mea hana MRI nona ka ʻoihana e hilinaʻi nei i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mīkini MRI, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻae.heliumpilikia ka nele i kāu ʻoihana.ʻAʻole ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka hana ʻana.E uku ʻoe i nā kumukūʻai kūpono a hāʻawi i ke kumukūʻai.Pono nā kelepona paʻalima, nā kamepiula a me nā mea a pau o ke ola houhelium.ʻAʻohe mea pani no ka helium, me ka ʻole e hoʻi mākou i ka wā Pōhaku.

Heliumhe hopena o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea maoli.ʻO ka mea hana nui loa ma ka honua ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (ma kahi o 40% o ka lako), a ukali ʻia e Qatar, Algeria a me Russia.Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIaheliumreserve, ke kumu helium hoʻokahi nui loa ma ka honua i nā makahiki he 70 i hala iho nei, ua pau ka hoʻolako ʻana.Ke hoʻokuʻu nei ka hui i nā limahana e haʻalele, a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kaomi i ka pipeline.Ke koi ʻia ka 1200 psi no ka hana ʻana, ʻo 700 psi ke kaomi i kēia manawa.Ma ka liʻiliʻi ma ke kumumanaʻo, ke kūʻai ʻia nei ka ʻōnaehana i kēia manawa.

Ua loaʻa kēia mau palapala i nā lohi i ka Hale Paʻa, a hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻoponopono ai.ʻAʻole mākou e ʻike i kahi mākeke a hiki i ka hoʻoholo ʻana.Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻike i nā lako i hoʻohaumia ʻia a me nā kaʻina hana kānāwai.Ka lako o ka nuiheliummea kanu hou i kukuluia e Gazprom ma Amur, hikina Rusia, ua paniia hoi, a he mea hiki ole ke hanaia ma mua o ka pau ana o 2023, no ka mea, hilinai ia ma Western engineers, ka poe i makemake loa e hoouna i na limahana i Rusia i keia manawa. .

ʻO kēlā me kēia hihia, paʻakikī ke kūʻai aku ma waho o Kina a me Rusia.ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki iā Rūsia ke lilo i mea hana nui loa ma ka honua - akā ʻo Rūsia kēia.Ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua pani ʻia ʻo Qatar.ʻOiai ua wehe hou ʻia, ma ka pōkole, ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka helium shortage 4.0, ʻo ia ka hā o ka hapa helium honua mai 2006.

Nā manawa kūpono i ka ʻoihana helium

E like me kaheliumʻO ka nele o 1.0, 2.0 a me 3.0, ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻana o kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi ua hoʻopilikia pū kekahi.ʻO ka helium shortage 4.0 he hoʻomau wale nō o 2.0 a me 3.0.I ka pōkole, pono ka honua i kahi lako hou ohelium.ʻO ka hoʻonā e hoʻokomo i nā mea hana helium a me nā mea hoʻomohala.Nui nā mea ma waho, akā e like me nā hui waiwai kūlohelohe, 75% o nā kānaka e hāʻule.