Nā huahana
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ʻOkikene (O2)
He kinoea kala ʻole a ʻala ʻole ka oxygen. ʻO ia ke ʻano kumu maʻamau o ka oxygen. No ka ʻenehana, ua unuhi ʻia ka oxygen mai ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ea, a ʻo ka oxygen i ka lewa he 21%. He kinoea kala ʻole a ʻala ʻole ka oxygen me ke ʻano kemika O2, ʻo ia ke ʻano kumu maʻamau o ka oxygen. ʻO ke kiko heheʻe he -218.4°C, a ʻo ke kiko paila he -183°C. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Ma kahi o 30mL o ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o 1L o ka wai, a he uliuli ka oxygen wai. -
ʻO ka sulfur dioxide (SO2)
ʻO ka sulfur dioxide (sulfur dioxide) ka sulfur oxide maʻamau, maʻalahi loa, a hoʻonāukiuki hoʻi me ke ʻano kemika SO2. He kinoea ʻole kala a moakaka ka sulfur dioxide me kahi ʻala ʻawaʻawa. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ethanol a me ether, ʻo ka sulfur dioxide wai he paʻa, hana ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke puhi, a ʻaʻole hana i kahi hui pahū me ka ea. Loaʻa i ka sulfur dioxide nā waiwai hoʻokeʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka sulfur dioxide i ka ʻoihana e hoʻokeʻokeʻo i ka pulp, ka hulu hipa, ka silika, nā pāpale mauʻu, a pēlā aku. Hiki i ka sulfur dioxide ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpala a me ka bacteria. -
ʻEtilena ʻokikene (ETO)
ʻO ka Ethylene oxide kekahi o nā ethers cyclic maʻalahi loa. He hui heterocyclic ia. ʻO kona ʻano kemika ʻo C2H4O. He carcinogen ʻawahia a he huahana petrochemical koʻikoʻi. He hana nui nā waiwai kemika o ka ethylene oxide. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena hoʻohui wehe apo me nā hui he nui a hiki ke hoʻemi i ka nitrate kālā. -
1,3 Butadiene (C4H6)
He hui organik ʻo 1,3-Butadiene me ke ʻano kemika o C4H6. He kinoea kala ʻole ia me kahi ʻala ʻala iki a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻoheheʻe. ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻawahia a ua like kona ʻawahia me ka ethylene, akā he huhū ikaika kona i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, a he hopena anesthetic i nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe. -
ʻO ka hydrogen (H2)
ʻO ke ʻano kemika o ka hydrogen he H2 a ʻo ke kaumaha molekala he 2.01588. Ma lalo o ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau, he kinoea lapalapa loa ia, ʻaʻohe kala, moakaka, ʻaʻohe ʻala a ʻaʻohe ʻono i paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a ʻaʻole ia e pane me ka hapa nui o nā mea. -
Neon (ʻĀkau)
He kinoea laha ʻole ke Neon, ʻaʻohe ona ʻala, ʻaʻole hiki ke lapalapa me ke ʻano kemika o Ne. ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka neon ma ke ʻano he kinoea hoʻopiha no nā kukui neon kala no nā hōʻike hoʻolaha waho, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻōuli kukui ʻike maka a me ka hoʻoponopono uila. A me nā ʻāpana hui kinoea laser. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kinoea hanohano e like me Neon, Krypton a me Xenon e hoʻopiha i nā huahana aniani e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou hana a hana paha. -
Kāpona Tetrafluoride (CF4)
ʻO ke kalapona tetrafluoride, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo tetrafluoromethane, he kinoea kala ʻole ia ma ka mahana a me ke kaomi maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ke kinoea CF4 ka kinoea etching plasma i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa ma ka ʻoihana microelectronics. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia ma ke ʻano he kinoea laser, refrigerant cryogenic, solvent, lubricant, insulating material, a me coolant no nā paipu ʻike infrared. -
ʻO ka Sulfuryl Fluoride (F2O2S)
ʻO ka sulfuryl fluoride SO2F2, ke kinoea make, hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka insecticide. No ka mea, he ʻano hoʻolaha ikaika a me ka permeability ka sulfuryl fluoride, ka insecticide ākea ākea, ka dosage haʻahaʻa, ka nui o ke koena haʻahaʻa, ka wikiwiki o ka insecticidal, ka manawa hoʻopuehu kinoea pōkole, ka hoʻohana kūpono i ka mahana haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe hopena i ka nui o ka germination a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka toxicity, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana i nā hale kūʻai, nā moku ukana, nā hale, nā pā wai waihona, ka pale ʻana i nā termite, a pēlā aku. -
Silane (SiH4)
He kinoea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻole ke kala, ʻawahia a hana nui ʻo Silane SiH4 ma ka mahana maʻamau a me ke kaomi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Silane i ka ulu ʻana o ka silicon epitaxial, nā mea maka no ka polysilicon, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā cell solar, nā fiber optical, ka hana ʻana i ke aniani kala, a me ka waiho ʻana o ka mahu kemika. -
ʻOkafluorocyclobutane (C4F8)
ʻO Octafluorocyclobutane C4F8, ka maʻemaʻe kinoea: 99.999%, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻouluulu aerosol meaʻai a me ke kinoea waena. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia i ke kaʻina hana semiconductor PECVD (Plasma Enhance. Chemical Vapor deposition), hoʻohana ʻia ʻo C4F8 ma ke ʻano he pani no CF4 a i ʻole C2F6, hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kinoea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke kinoea etching kaʻina hana semiconductor. -
ʻOkika Nitric (NO)
ʻO ke kinoea nitric oxide kahi hui o ka naikokene me ke ʻano kemika NO. He kinoea ʻawahia ʻole ia, ʻala ʻole, makehewa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia i ka wai. He pane kemika loa ka nitric oxide a pane pū me ka oxygen e hana i ke kinoea ʻino nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). -
ʻO ka Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
He kinoea kala ʻole ke kinoea hydrogen chloride HCL me kahi ʻala ʻawaʻawa. Ua kapa ʻia kona wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he hydrochloric acid, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he hydrochloric acid. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hydrogen chloride e hana i nā kala, nā mea ʻala, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā chloride like ʻole a me nā mea pale i ka palaho.
