Ua hoʻāʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema a me nā ʻenekinia i kahi prototype baluna Venus ma ka Black Rock Desert ma Nevada i Iulai 2022. Ua hoʻopau pono ke kaʻa i hoʻemi ʻia i ʻelua mau lele hoʻāʻo mua.

Me kona wela wela a me ke kaomi nui, he ʻino a kala ʻole ka ʻili o Venus. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā probes i pae ma laila a hiki i kēia manawa he mau hola wale nō ka lōʻihi. Akā aia paha kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e ʻimi ai i kēia honua weliweli a hoihoi ma mua o nā orbiters, e hoʻopuni ana i ka lā ma kahi kokoke i ka Honua. ʻO ia ka baluna. Ua hōʻike ka Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) a NASA ma Pasadena, Calif., ma ʻOkakopa 10, 2022 ua hoʻopau pono kahi baluna robotic lewa, kekahi o kāna mau manaʻo robotic lewa, i ʻelua mau lele hoʻāʻo ma luna o Nevada.

Ua hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i kahi prototype hoʻāʻo, kahi mana i hoʻemi ʻia o kahi pōpō baluna hiki ke lana ma waena o nā ao mānoanoa o Venus i kekahi lā.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo lele mua ʻana o ka baluna Venus

ʻO ke anawaena o ka Venus Aerobot i hoʻolālā ʻia he 40 kapuaʻi (12 mika), ma kahi o 2/3 ka nui o ke kumu hoʻohālike.

Ua hana kekahi hui o nā kānaka ʻepekema a me nā ʻenekinia mai JPL a me Near Space Corporation ma Tillamook, Oregon, i ka hoʻāʻo lele. Hōʻike kā lākou holomua e hiki i nā pōpō Venusian ke ola i ka lewa mānoanoa o kēia ao kokoke. Ma Venus, e lele ka pōpō ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 55 kilomita ma luna o ka ʻili. I mea e kūlike ai ka mahana a me ka mānoanoa o ka lewa o Venus i ka hoʻāʻo, ua hāpai ka hui i ka pōpō hoʻāʻo i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1 km.

Ma nā ʻano āpau, hana ka baluna e like me ka mea i hoʻolālā ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jacob Izraelevitz, Luna Hoʻokolokolo Nui o JPL Flight Test, Robotics Specialist: "Ua hauʻoli loa mākou i ka hana o ka prototype. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia, hōʻike i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe i kāohi ʻia, a ua hoʻihoʻi mākou iā ia i ke ʻano maikaʻi ma hope o nā lele ʻelua. Ua hoʻopaʻa mākou i ka ʻikepili nui mai kēia mau lele a ke kakali nei mākou e hoʻohana iā ia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā mākou mau hiʻohiʻona simulation ma mua o ka ʻimi ʻana i ko mākou honua kaikuahine.

Ua hoʻohui ʻo Paul Byrne o ke Kulanui ʻo Wakinekona ma St. Louis a me kahi hoa hana ʻepekema robotics aerospace: "ʻO ka holomua o kēia mau lele hoʻāʻo he mea nui ia iā mākou: Ua hōʻike pono mākou i ka ʻenehana e pono ai e noiʻi i ke ao Venus. Hoʻokumu kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ke kahua no ke ʻano e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻimi robotic lōʻihi ma ka ʻili ʻino o Venus.

Ka huakaʻi ma nā makani Venus

No ke aha nā pōpō? Makemake ʻo NASA e aʻo i kahi ʻāpana o ka lewa o Venus i haʻahaʻa loa no ka orbiter e kālailai. ʻAʻole e like me nā landers, ka mea e pahū i loko o nā hola, hiki i nā pōpō ke lana i ka makani no nā pule a i ʻole nā ​​​​mahina, e lana ana mai ka hikina a i ke komohana. Hiki i ka pōpō ke hoʻololi i kona kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 171,000 a me 203,000 kapuaʻi (52 a 62 kilomita) ma luna o ka ʻili.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi wale nā ​​​​robots lele. Hana ia me kahi orbiter ma luna o ka lewa o Venus. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻepekema, hana pū ka baluna ma ke ʻano he relay kamaʻilio me ka orbiter.

Nā pōpō i loko o nā pōpō

ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike he "pōpō i loko o kahi pōpō," wahi a nā mea noiʻi.heliumhoʻopiha i ka waihona kūloko paʻa. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka baluna helium waho maʻalahi ke hoʻonui a ʻuʻuku. Hiki i nā baluna ke piʻi aʻe a hāʻule paha i lalo. Hana ia i kēia me ke kōkua oheliumnā puka makani. Inā makemake ka hui misionari e hāpai i ka pōpō, e hoʻokuʻu lākou i ka helium mai ka waihona o loko i ka pōpō o waho. No ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka pōpō i kona wahi, ʻo kaheliumua hoʻihoʻi ʻia i loko o ka waihona. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka pōpō waho a nalowale kekahi o ka lana ʻana.

Kaiapuni ʻino

Ma ke kiʻekiʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia he 55 kilomita ma luna o ka ʻili o Venus, ʻaʻole i ʻino loa ka mahana a ʻaʻole ikaika loa ke kaomi o ka lewa. Akā, he ʻino loa kēia ʻāpana o ka lewa o Venus, no ka mea, ua piha nā ao i nā kulu waika sulfuric. I mea e kū ai i kēia ʻano ʻino, ua kūkulu nā ʻenekinia i ka baluna mai nā papa he nui o nā mea. Loaʻa i ka mea kahi uhi pale waikawa, ka metallization e hōʻemi i ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka lā, a me kahi papa o loko e mau ana ka ikaika e lawe i nā mea hana ʻepekema. ʻOiai nā sila he pale waikawa. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lele e pono e hana nā mea a me ke kūkulu ʻana o ka baluna ma Venus. He paʻakikī ke hana ʻana i nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ke ola ʻana o Venus, a ʻo ka paʻa o ka lawelawe ʻana a mākou i hōʻike ai i kā mākou hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka hoʻōla ʻana ma Nevada e hāʻawi iā mākou i ka hilinaʻi i ka hilinaʻi o kā mākou mau baluna ma Venus.

No nā makahiki he ʻumi, ua hāpai kekahi poʻe ʻepekema a me nā ʻenekinia i nā pōpō e like me ke ala e ʻimi ai iā Venus. E lilo koke paha kēia i mea maoli. Kiʻi ma o NASA.

ʻEpekema ma ka Lewa o Venus

Hoʻolako nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā pōpō no nā noiʻi ʻepekema like ʻole. ʻO kēia mau mea e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā nalu kani i ka lewa i hana ʻia e nā ōlaʻi Venusian. ʻO kekahi o nā loiloi hoihoi loa ʻo ia ka haku mele ʻana o ka lewa ponoʻī.Kalapona ʻokikeneʻO ia ka mea e hana ai i ka hapa nui o ka lewa o Venus, e hoʻoulu ana i ka hopena ʻōmaʻomaʻo holo wikiwiki i hoʻolilo iā Venus i Gehena ma ka ʻili. Hiki i ka loiloi hou ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia hana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻōlelo nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā lā mua, ua like ʻo Venus me ka Honua. No laila he aha ka mea i hana ʻia?

ʻOiaʻiʻo, mai ka wā i hōʻike ai nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka phosphine ma ka lewa o Venus i ka makahiki 2020, ua hoʻāla hou ka nīnau no ke ola paha ma nā ao o Venus i ka hoihoi. ʻAʻole maopopo ka kumu o ka phosphine, a ke nīnau nei kekahi mau noiʻi i kona ola ʻana. Akā, ʻo nā mikiona baluna e like me kēia e kūpono no ka nānā hohonu ʻana i nā ao a malia paha e ʻike pololei i nā microbes. Hiki i nā mikiona baluna e like me kēia ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i kekahi o nā mea huna huikau a paʻakikī loa.