ʻO ka Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)

Nā Kūlana ʻenehana:

ʻO ka hydrogen chloride ke ʻano kemika HCl. Hana ʻia ka molekole hydrogen chloride me kahi ʻātoma chlorine a me kahi ʻātoma hydrogen. He kinoea kala ʻole ia me kahi ʻala ʻawaʻawa. ʻO ke kinoea ʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e pane me ka wai akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi i ka wai. Loaʻa pinepine ia i ka lewa ma ke ʻano o nā uahi hydrochloric acid. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi ʻia ka hydrogen chloride i loko o ka ethanol a me ka ether, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea olaola ʻē aʻe he nui; hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi ʻia i ka wai, ma 0°C, hiki i ka 1 nui o ka wai ke hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 500 mau nui o ka hydrogen chloride. ʻO kona hopena wai i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka hydrochloric acid, a ʻo kona inoa ʻepekema ʻo ka hydrochloric acid. He mea lele ka hydrochloric acid i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻAʻohe kala o ka hydrogen chloride, me kahi kiko heheʻe o -114.2°C a me kahi kiko paila o -85°C. ʻAʻole ia e puhi i ka lewa a paʻa ka wela. ʻAʻole ia e pala a hiki i kahi o 1500°C. He ʻala ʻūlū kona, he huhū ikaika i ke ala hanu o luna, a he mea ʻino i nā maka, ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka density ma mua o ka ea. ʻAʻole hana nui nā waiwai kemika o ka hydrogen chloride maloʻo. Hiki i nā metala alkali a me nā metala alkaline honua ke puhi i loko o ka hydrogen chloride, a i ka wā e puhi ai ka sodium, hoʻopuka ia i kahi lapalapa melemele ʻālohilohi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hydrogen chloride i ka ʻoihana petrochemical e hoʻolaha i ka pono a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā catalysts a hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka petroleum; hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka chlorosulfonic acid, synthetic rubber, etc.; hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā dyes, nā ʻala, ka synthesis lāʻau lapaʻau, nā chlorides like ʻole a me nā mea pale corrosion, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, Pickling, electroplating metal, tanning, refinement a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i ka metala paʻakikī. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kinoea hydrogen chloride kiʻekiʻe i ka ulu ʻana o ka silicon epitaxial, ka polishing phase vapor, gettering, etching a me nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻoihana electronics.

Noi:

①Mea Hana:

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hydrogen chloride i ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa hydrochloric. He mea nui nō hoʻi ia i nā hoʻololi kemika ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

②Mea hoʻoili uila:

I loko o ka ʻoihana semiconductor, hoʻohana ʻia ia e kālai i nā kristal semiconductor a e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka silicon ma o trichlorosilane (SiHCl3).

③Keʻena Hoʻokolohua:

I loko o ka hale hana hoʻokolohua, he mea pono loa nā ʻano anhydrous o ke kinoea no ka hana ʻana i nā waikawa Lewis i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka chloride, pono e maloʻo loa no ka hana ʻana o ko lākou mau wahi Lewis.

Pūʻolo maʻamau:

Nā Pōmaikaʻi:

①High maemae, hale hou loa;

②Mea hana palapala hōʻoia ISO;

③Hoʻouna wikiwiki;

ʻŌnaehana loiloi pūnaewele no ka kaohi maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu;

⑤Kūpono kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaʻina hana meticulous no ka lawelawe ʻana i ka cylinder ma mua o ka hoʻopiha ʻana;