ʻO ke Klorida (HCl)

Nā palena ʻenehana:

Loaʻa i ka Hydrogen chloride ke kumu hoʻohālike HCl. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi molekele hydrogen chloride me kahi ʻātoma chlorine a me kahi ʻātoma hydrogen. He kinoea kala ʻole me ke ʻala ʻala. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Loaʻa pinepine ia i ka lewa ma ke ʻano o ka uahi waika hydrochloric. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hydrogen chloride i loko o ka ethanol a me ka etera, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea ola ʻē aʻe he nui; hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, ma 0°C, hiki i 1 ka nui o ka wai ke hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 500 mau puke o ka hydrogen chloride. ʻIke ʻia kona ʻano wai wai he waika hydrochloric, a ʻo kona inoa ʻepekema ʻo hydrochloric acid. ʻO ka waika hydrochloric koʻikoʻi ka maʻalahi. ʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu ka Hydrogen chloride, me kahi helu heheʻe -114.2°C a me kahi helu hoʻolapalapa o -85°C. ʻAʻole ia e wela i ka lewa a paʻa ka wela. ʻAʻole ia e decompose a hiki i ka 1500°C. He ʻala ʻeha kona, he ʻeha nui i ka ʻōpū hanu luna, a he mea ʻino ia i nā maka, ka ʻili a me nā ʻili mucous. ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ea. ʻAʻole hana nui nā waiwai kemika o ka hydrogen chloride maloʻo. Hiki i nā metala alkaline a me nā metala honua alkaline ke puhi i loko o ka hydrogen chloride, a i ka wā e puhi ai ka sodium, hoʻopuka ia i ka lapalapa melemele. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Hydrogen chloride i ka ʻoihana petrochemical e hoʻoikaika i ka pono a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o nā catalysts a hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka ʻaila; hiki ke hoʻohana i ka chlorosulfonic acid, synthetic rubber, etc.; hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā dyes, nā mea ʻala, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lāʻau, nā chlorides like ʻole a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi corrosion, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe , Pickling, electroplating metala, tanning, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hana ʻana i nā metala paʻakikī. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kinoea hydrogen chloride hoʻomaʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka ulu ʻana o ka epitaxial silicon, vapor phase polishing, gettering, etching a me nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻoihana uila.

Noi:

①Material:

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hydrogen chloride i ka hana ʻana i ka waikawa hydrochloric. He mea koʻikoʻi hoʻi ia i nā hoʻololi kemika ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

②Semiconductor:

I ka ʻoihana semiconductor, hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻoheheʻe i nā kristal semiconductor a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke silika ma o trichlorosilane (SiHCl3).

③Laboatory:

I loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano kinoea anhydrous no ka hoʻohua ʻana i nā waikawa Lewis i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka chloride, pono e maloʻo loa no kā lākou mau wahi Lewis e hana ai.

Pūʻolo maʻamau:

Pono:

①Maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, hale hana hou loa;

②Ka mea hana palapala ISO;

③Hoʻouna wikiwiki;

④ Pūnaehana loiloi pūnaewele no ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i kēlā me kēia pae;

⑤Ke koi kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaʻina hana no ka mālama ʻana i ka cylinder ma mua o ka hoʻopiha ʻana;